Especificação de requisitos no domínio de sistemas de informação com o uso de padrões
Abstract
Studies show that the main causes of failures in software projects are related to the
requirements specification document that contains incomplete, inconsistent and
ambiguous requirements. The software development with quality requires a complete and
consistent requirements specification. One of the problems faced by software engineers is
that, sometimes, they do not know completely the application domain and have difficulty in
communication with stakeholders to obtain the requirements specification. The knowledge
reuse obtained from completed projects can facilitate the identification and writing of
requirements in the elaboration of a complete and consistent requirements document. In
the information systems domain it is common to find a set of requirements that has similar
characteristics, which is present in different systems, indicating a possible requirement
pattern. The advantage of using requirements patterns is provide to the software engineer
a starting point for the elaboration of the requirements document, instead of starting from
scratch to solve known problems. The requirements patterns can contribute to the
improvement of software quality, minimizing the development time and cost, because
previously defined and tested solutions are reused. In this dissertation it was developed a
set of requirements patterns to assist the software engineer in the elaboration of
requirements document of information systems. In order to facilitate and standardize the
requirements document elaborated it was also developed a computational support based
in that set of patterns. Case studies were used to evaluate the patterns and the
computational support, with graduate students of UFSCar and UEMG, aiming prove the
effectiveness of this proposal, as wellas to identify possible improvements. Analyzing the
case studies conducted, it can be inferred that there is evidence that the elaborated
patterns assist in the elaboration of a more complete requirements document, that the
computational support is easy to use, and that there was an increased productivity, mainly
of inexperienced developers.
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