Desenvolvimento curricular de Matemática nos anos iniciais na perspectiva do professor e do coordenador: um estudo do projeto EMAI de São Paulo

Abstract

The general objective of this research paper is to have an understanding of the process of curricular development in the Initial Years of Basic Education from the perspective of teachers and teacher coordinator. This general objective breaks itself up into two specific ones: 1. to describe the perceptions of teachers about the project “Mathematical Education in the Initial Years (EMAI)”; 2. to point out the main aspects involved in curricular development for these teachers and teacher coordinator of the Initial Years within the scope of teacher formation. To this aim a qualitative research was done, of the interpretative type, in a State Public School in the city of Franca (SP) and three instruments were employed for data compiling: open and closed question type questionnaires for teachers; interview with three pre-selected teachers and a teacher coordinator of the school besides videos furnished by the school and the Regional Educational Bureau of the São Paulo State Educational Secretary. Results indicate that teachers realize positive aspects of the EMAI Project, such as well-built learning sequences containing diversified activities, teaching work guidance, enhancement of student thought and creativity, and spiral teaching and learning. On the other hand they point out some limitations of pedagogical practice in relation to the need for concept systematizing, insufficient time for activities, and the need for more problem-solving situations within the learning sequences. In relation to the curricular development in the school we were able to demonstrate that the formation done with the teachers has been directed to the implementation of the prescribed and presented curriculum, although we have gathered indications, voiced by teachers and the coordinator, of the need to enhance the formation under the perspective of collaborative teams that could give greater autonomy to the teacher providing him with a differentiated look, mainly on the real curriculum, as observed in classroom practice, in search for a comprehension of mathematical contents and forms of teaching and learning.