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Rastreamento da escoliose idiopática da coluna vertebral em escolares do município de São Carlos – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Chiari, Giovani Terruggi
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Tomaeli, Stephanya Covas da Silva
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5106127124303560
;
0000-0002-4073-643X
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1792997322236358
Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine characterized by lateral vertebral inclination in the frontal plane, rotation in the horizontal plane, and posterior flexion in the sagittal plane. This condition may lead to future health problems, such as low back pain and cardiorespiratory dysfunction. Screening programs are highly recommended and should be routinely incorporated into school-based physical examinations for early detection of the condition, with the aim of preventing or minimizing severe deformities. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Volunteers aged 10 to 18 years, of both sexes, enrolled in schools in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, were recruited. Participants underwent postural assessment, including the Adams forward bend test combined with scoliometer measurement of the angle of trunk rotation (ATR), as well as spinal mobility tests and assessment of low back pain risk. Results: A total of 275 school students were evaluated, of whom 17 (6.2%) showed findings indicative of AIS (ATR ≥7°), while 26 (9.5%) were classified as suspected cases (ATR between 5° and 7°). A significant association was observed between findings indicative of AIS and classification as being at moderate/high risk for low back pain (p=0.0005), as well as reduced spinal mobility during right lateral flexion (p=0.0052). Conclusion: The prevalence of AIS observed among school students in São Carlos was 6.2%, with additional students identified as having findings suggestive of the condition. The association between findings indicative of AIS, a higher risk of low back pain, and reduced lateral spinal mobility reinforces the clinical relevance of these findings. Considering that postural changes during growth may negatively affect musculoskeletal function and quality of life, these findings reinforce the importance of early screening and follow-up in the school setting, which may facilitate identification, monitoring, and the implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures when necessary.
A influência da configuração de empilhamento nas propriedades estruturais, energéticas e optoeletrônicas da bicamada de PdX2 (X = S, Se, Te)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Ribeiro, Lucas Mortean
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Querne, Mateus Bazan Peters
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5406500995477450
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9240-7101
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Lima, Matheus Paes
This work presents a first-principles investigation into the influence of stacking configuration on the structural, energetic, and optoelectronic properties of bilayer palladium dichalcogenides PdX2 (where X = S, Se, Te). The central objective is to analyze how different interlayer stacking patterns modulate the stability, electronic structure, and work function of these two-dimensional materials. The methodology employs computational simulations based on Density Functional Theory using the VASP software, describing the core-valence electron interactions via the projector augmented-wave method. The study uses the semilocal PBE functional for structural optimizations, obligatorily incorporating Grimme’s D3 correction for the rigorous treatment of van der Waals dispersion forces, which are fundamental elements for the stabilization of lamellar interfaces. For the refinement of the band structure and work functions, the research applies the HSE06 hybrid functional, ensuring greater accuracy in determining the band gap. The results indicate that the bulk-like configuration represents the global minimum energy state for the three investigated systems, serving as an absolute reference for stability. It is observed that the binding energy becomes progressively more negative in the sequence S → Se → Te, which reflects the increase in polarizability and the spatial extent of the electronic orbitals in the heavier atoms. The work demonstrates that PdS2 preserves its indirect band gap semiconductor character across all tested stackings, although the spatial organization significantly alters the electronic occupations near the band edges and induces a pronounced in-plane optical anisotropy for polarized light. In the PdSe2 system, stacking acts as a trigger for electronic phase transitions, allowing the material to transition between semiconductor, semimetallic, and metallic behaviors depending on the adopted geometry. Conversely, PdTe2 consistently maintains its metallic nature regardless of the stacking pattern, although it exhibits variations in the density of states and in the band crossings at the Fermi level. Bader charge analysis reveals that the stacking primarily perturbs the interfacial chalcogen atoms, establishing electric dipoles that shape the surface electrostatics. The work function exhibits a systematic reduction with the increase in chalcogen mass, but allows for additional fine-tuning through stacking engineering. The work concludes that the stacking configuration constitutes a practical and effective tuning parameter for the design of nanodevices. The detailed understanding of these mechanisms provides a theoretical foundation for the development of optoelectronic technologies and for contact engineering in two-dimensional materials.
A teologia apofático-política de Thomas Hobbes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Santana, Luiz Felipe Sousa
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Hirata, Celi
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6347404660282248
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0488-0677
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7022655532430217
This research seeks to understand how Thomas Hobbes's theological conceptions impact his political philosophy, highlighting the negative character of his statements about God and religious phenomena. His claims regarding divine incomprehensibility are present in his investigation of biblical revelation and the formation of religious dogmas, both of which are permeated by the dynamics of power — a key element in his anthropology. The purpose of this study is to examine how this apophatic position regarding the theological field as a whole determines the nature of sovereign right, as well as the role it plays in the secularization of political philosophy.
Avaliação de modelos de regressão na estimativa da força de ruptura de blocos sobre quatro estacas sob pilares quadrados e retangulares em diferentes escalas com auxílio de simulação numérica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Spozito, Raphael
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Delalibera, Rodrigo Gustavo
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6277549281444797
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-6018
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
The prediction of the load-bearing capacity of four-pile concrete caps lacks normative consensus, as does the truss idealization in strut-and-tie models available in the literature, which are typically evaluated using small-scale models and square columns. A regression model results in an equation with terms calibrated from a database, a methodology already used in the literature for other structural elements to obtain load-bearing capacity values. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop predictive equations, using regression models, as an alternative for determining the load-bearing capacity of four-pile caps based on their geometry. To this end, the study focused on compiling a database associated with numerical simulations. These numerical models were extrapolated from a calibration based on literature records, encompassing square and rectangular columns, as well as effective depths greater than those of the original experimental tests. From these data, nine equations with different variable interactions were developed, all showing R² values greater than 90%. It was observed that, for columns with a cross-sectional area of less than 50% of the total pile area, a dispersion in the predictions occurred across all equations due to the complex stress flow at the contact interface between the column and the pile cap. It was also found that the increase in load-bearing capacity associated with the elongation of one column dimension followed a quadratic function. Thus, despite the higher dispersion for area ratios below 50%, the regression models proved to be an effective and viable alternative. They bypass the truss idealization difficulties debated in literature and can be continuously refined by incorporating new experimental tests
Avaliação preliminar no gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas: estudo de caso em uma área com potencial de contaminação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Saran, Carolina
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Rotta, Cláudia Marisse dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8142167187580488
Urban growth and the historical industrial occupation of several areas have contributed to the increasing occurrence of sites with contamination potential, making it necessary to develop studies that support their safe redevelopment. In this context, Preliminary Assessment represents the initial stage of Contaminated Site Management, allowing the identification of contamination indicators within the study area and supporting the planning of subsequent investigation stages. This study aimed to carry out the Preliminary Assessment of an area located in the municipality of Santo André, São Paulo State, Brazil, currently occupied by an educational institution and intended for future residential development. The methodology was developed according to the guidelines established by CETESB Directive Decision No. 038/2017/C. The results indicated that the site underwent different land uses over time, including activities with contamination potential, allowing the identification of potential contamination sources associated with past and current activities. Uncertainties related to the earliest periods of site occupation were also identified due to the lack of historical information. Based on these findings, the Conceptual Site Model was classified as MCA 1B, according to the classification system established by CETESB, due to uncertainties regarding the historical use of the site. Furthermore, the area was classified as a Suspected Contaminated Area, indicating the need for the continuation of the contaminated site management process through a Confirmatory Investigation. It is concluded that the Preliminary Assessment was essential for organizing the available information, identifying environmental uncertainties, and supporting decision-making regarding the management of the studied area.
Design de acopladores ópticos poliméricos em SU-8 para acoplamento fibra-chip
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Zanfelicce, Gabriela Akemi Yamamoto
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Barea, Luis Alberto Mijam
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7929868663210908
Integrated photonics has established itself as an important technology for applications in optical communications, sensing, and signal processing, enabling device miniaturization and reduced energy consumption. In this context, efficient coupling between optical fibers and integrated waveguides is fundamental to the performance of photonic circuits. This work presents the design and optimization of SU-8 taper optical couplers, a low-cost polymer compatible with conventional microfabrication processes. Different transition geometries, polarization modes, and structural dimensions were analyzed with the aim of maximizing the coupling efficiency between optical fiber and waveguide. The results indicated efficiencies above 88% and losses below 0.6 dB for the best configurations, demonstrating the potential of SU-8 for applications in low-cost integrated photonic devices.
Navegação autônoma em ambientes internos baseada em estimativa de profundidade monocular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Santos, Antonio Caique dos
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Pedrino, Emerson Carlos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6481363465527189
Autonomous navigation in indoor environments constitutes an important challenge in mobile robotics, especially in applications that require low computational cost, real-time operation, and the use of embedded platforms. In this context, monocular depth estimation emerges as a promising alternative to traditional depth sensors, as it allows spatial information to be inferred from a single RGB image. This work investigates the feasibility of using modern monocular depth models in autonomous navigation systems, focusing on the FastDepth model due to its computational efficiency and suitability for resource-constrained devices. To this end, a comparative evaluation was initially carried out between the FastDepth, MiDaS Small, and Depth Anything Small models, considering metrics such as number of parameters, model size, inference time, and computational cost. Then, FastDepth was integrated into a reactive controller implemented in the Webots simulator, with the aim of evaluating its performance in different indoor scenarios. The system was tested in three distinct environments: a large room, a narrow corridor, and a room with tables, representing increasing levels of spatial complexity. The results demonstrated that FastDepth presents excellent performance in processing time; however, its limitations related to relative depth and frame-to-frame instability hinder its application in denser and less structured environments. It is concluded that reactive monocular navigation is viable in controlled scenarios, but still requires complementary strategies to ensure greater robustness in real and varied environments.
Análise do perfil da diversidade étnico-racial e de gênero na Engenharia Mecânica em instituições públicas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Brigagão Junior, Adilson
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Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045
The expansion of Brazilian public higher education, combined with the implementation of affirmative action policies, has contributed to making universities more diverse and expanding access for historically underrepresented groups. Despite these advances, certain programs still exhibit low diversity, such as Mechanical Engineering, which has been historically characterized by the predominance of white men and by racial, gender, and socioeconomic inequalities. In this context, this study aims to analyze the profile of Mechanical Engineering students in Brazilian public institutions and discuss factors that may contribute to the low diversity observed in the program. To this end, a mixed-methods research approach was conducted, combining a qualitative literature review with a quantitative analysis of secondary data. The literature review addressed the historical development of engineering in Brazil, concepts related to diversity and inclusion, studies on racial and gender inequalities, and the experiences of LGBTQIA+ individuals in the academic environment. Additionally, microdata from the Higher Education Census provided by the Anísio Teixeira National Institute for Educational Studies and Research (INEP) for the period from 2020 to 2024 were analyzed. The results highlight progress in higher education access for minority groups, but also point to persistent inequalities in the profile of incoming and graduating students. In this regard, the importance of institutional initiatives aimed at promoting more inclusive and welcoming academic environments—aligned with the National Curriculum Guidelines and the demands of contemporary society—is discussed.
“Não se brinca com coisa séria”: o humor em discursos sobre a leitura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Silva, Jeniffer Aparecida Pereira da
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Aliagas Marín, Cristina
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Curcino, Luzmara
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6680592122128813
En esta tesis se presentan los resultados de la investigación realizada en el marco del grupo de estudios LIRE – Laboratorio de Estudios de la Lectura (CNPq/UFSCar), en el Programa de Posgrado en Lingüística (PPGL) de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos, con el apoyo de la Fundación de Apoyo a la Investigación del Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). La investigación se enfoca en examinar los discursos sobre la lectura y las representaciones de los lectores en un campo sumamente específico: el del humor. El objetivo central consiste en analizar, a partir de los principios del Análisis del Discurso y de la Historia Cultural de la lectura, lo que se enuncia sobre dicha práctica cuando la finalidad del enunciador es generar risa u otros efectos humorísticos. Se examina cómo la lectura —una temática habitualmente institucionalizada y formal— puede ser abordada en géneros discursivos con potencial desacralizador y desacreditador (chistes, tiras cómicas, viñetas, cartoons y memes) por diversos autores del campo del humor. Para ello, se observaron ciertas propiedades de estos textos, tales como: i) la exploración de formas de homología discursiva entre los lenguajes verbal e imagético, características de la formulación multimodal de estos géneros; ii) los tipos de humor evocados; iii) las representaciones de la lectura y de los lectores actualizadas en ellos; y iv) las emociones que suelen movilizarse en torno a la lectura, especialmente en los géneros humorísticos abordados en esta investigación. El análisis evidencia la vigencia de los discursos consensuales sobre la lectura que, incluso en textos pertenecientes a un campo desacralizador, continúan alineados con lo que se enuncia al respecto en otros ámbitos. Se promueve la risa mediante representaciones bien conocidas y de larga data, de carácter disfórico, sobre quien no se considera lector o sobre quien no lee «como se debe», «lo que debería», ni con la frecuencia u orientación consideradas adecuadas. Resultan excepcionales los textos humorísticos que, en la construcción de su crítica y en la búsqueda de la risa, desconstruyen alguno de los discursos consensuales sobre esta práctica. Por lo general, la ironía y el humor no inciden sobre las formas socialmente legitimadas de representar la lectura y a los lectores, sino sobre aquello que se desvía de ellas. De este modo, se preservan los valores positivos históricamente asociados a la práctica lectora y a los sujetos reconocidos como lectores legítimos, sin que tales consensos sean efectivamente cuestionados, subvertidos o presentados como objeto de crítica. Predomina, por tanto, en el corpus de textos humorísticos analizados, la crítica hacia las prácticas consideradas inadecuadas y hacia los sujetos percibidos como ajenos a las representaciones socialmente validadas y compartidas de lo que significa ser lector y de lo que debe ser la lectura. Finalmente, se espera que este análisis sobre la regularidad de lo que se enuncia acerca de la lectura en el ámbito humorístico —similar a lo que ocurre fuera de él— contribuya a la crítica de la apropiación sesgada y elitista de la lectura para fines que no buscan promoverla efectivamente como un derecho universal. Leer constituye un valor social y cultural fundamental. Es en defensa de este valor que resulta indispensable denunciar los usos que se alinean con las ideologías meritocráticas y elitistas, las cuales impiden a la mayoría ejercer la lectura como un derecho, gozar de sus prácticas de mayor prestigio y beneficiarse del reconocimiento social y cultural. Al producir humor en torno a la lectura, se vuelve preciso elegir con rigurosidad tanto los blancos como los fundamentos. Se confía en que esta tesis constituya un aporte en esa dirección.
Implementação de um ambiente de verificação funcional UVM em Python aplicado ao fluxo de design digital SKY130
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Soares, Marcelo Rodrigues
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Menotti, Ricardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2509766431540422
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7010-5030
The democratization of integrated circuit development enabled by open-source tools still finds one of its main obstacles in functional verification. This work investigates the feasibility of a Python-based verification flow applied to advanced stages of digital design, including functional coverage, structural code coverage, post-layout simulation, and power estimation. To evaluate this approach, a complete verification environment was developed for a serial communication controller widely used in embedded systems, using an open integrated circuit manufacturing technology as the reference platform. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of validating the design across different abstraction levels while achieving high coverage and producing consistent power consumption estimates. The experiments indicate that the integration of the Python ecosystem with open-source tools represents a viable, accessible, and sufficiently robust alternative for research, education, and integrated circuit development.
Percepção discente de licenciandos da pedagogia para a inclusão escolar de crianças com TEA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-03)
Ferreira, Maria Vitória Santos
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Pedro, Ketilin Mayra
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0991868156805558
This study aimed to analyze the contributions of initial teacher education in Pedagogy in preparing educators for pedagogical practice with students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Grounded in the observation that initial teacher training still presents significant gaps in preparing educators to act within inclusive contexts, this research sought to identify the formative experiences, perceived challenges, and student suggestions to improve this process. The investigation adopted a qualitative, exploratory approach, utilizing an electronic questionnaire with open- and closed-ended questions administered to 49 undergraduate students at a Higher Education Institution in the State of São Paulo. Data analysis, conducted through content analysis, yielded eight thematic categories: “Academic profile and formative experiences”; “Initial training on ASD and Inclusive Education”; “Integration of theory and practice”; “Knowledge and use of pedagogical strategies”; “Conceptions of inclusion and schooling”; “Faced and perceived challenges”; “Feelings about teaching readiness”; and “Suggestions for teacher education.” The results indicated that, although inclusion is valued by future teachers, initial training still offers limited depth on ASD, demonstrates weak integration between theory and practice, and insufficiently addresses the affective and ethical dimensions of teaching. Furthermore, undergraduates reported feelings of insecurity and unpreparedness regarding the demands of inclusion, yet demonstrated a willingness for continuous learning and provided valuable suggestions for course enhancement. Recommended actions include strengthening the curriculum with dedicated courses, embedding inclusion cross-curricularly, encouraging practical workshops and interdisciplinary partnerships, and expanding experiences in real-world inclusive settings. It is concluded that ensuring initial teacher education aligned with the principles of equity and inclusion is an urgent and essential challenge for building democratic and humanizing schools. This study provides insights for discussions on teacher education policies and points toward pathways for future research in the field.
Obtenção de chapas heteroestruturadas de Cu/Nb com propriedades mecânicas e funcionais otimizadas: fase 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-04)
Magalhães, Danielle Cristina Camilo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5486724956564584
Otimização da biossecagem pulsante da biomassa de laranja em leito fixo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Freitas, Cauê Zenatti Fernandes de
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Maia, Gustavo Dias
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3804133304643228
This study evaluated the effects of intermittent air flow on the thermal development and moisture removal during the biodrying process, aiming at the valorization of industrial biomass. The experiments were carried out in a fixed-bed bios drying experimental unit, with monitoring of bed temperature, air flow rate, and mass loss. The results demonstrated that increasing the air flow rate enhanced mass transfer and water removal from the material; however, its effect was directly related to the initial conditions of the system, such as the level of biological activity. It was observed that higher air flow rates did not necessarily result in greater drying efficiency, highlighting the importance of balancing heat transfer, moisture removal, and microbial activity. Furthermore, the analysis of the experiments indicated that biological heat generation, even from native microorganisms, has the potential to sustain the thermal conditions of the process. Therefore, it is concluded that bios drying presents potential as a sustainable alternative for the pre-treatment of orange bagasse, contributing to biomass moisture reduction and expanding its possibilities for energy applications.
Tecnologias da indústria 5.0 aplicadas à cadeia do biometano: potencializando a transição energética e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Nogueira, Letícia Requena Ruiz
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Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5923938048634505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3042-0351
The global energy transition landscape demands the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and the consequent diversification of the fuel mix. Currently, biomethane stands out as a strategic solution obtained through biogas purification. However, the biomethane industry faces regulatory and economic challenges that limit its competitiveness against fossil alternatives. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of biomethane production from municipal solid waste in the municipality of São Carlos (SP). The present study was carried out within the Industry 5.0 framework, a paradigm that integrates advanced automation and digital technology not only to increase productivity but also to ensure that industrial development is guided by sustainability, resilience, and social well-being. The purification process was simulated using Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technology, aiming for compliance with ANP Resolution No. 886/2022 for vehicular use. The findings demonstrated that the system achieves high selectivity, corroborated by an economic analysis that confirmed the venture's viability through positive financial indicators. Although some sustainability indicators reveal opportunities for future optimization, the consolidated analysis points out that integrating digital and sustainable technologies, grounded in Industry 5.0, transforms waste management into a strategic asset for the energy transition and socioeconomic development in Brazil.
Avaliação de custos acerca da transição de eficiência energética em transformadores de distribuição: um estudo comparativo entre as tecnologias de núcleo empilhado e jencore
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Tagliarini, Bruno
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Pizolato Junior, José Carlos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4338949783568483
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3372-7092
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4610884326389037
The contemporary scenario of energy transition and the search for sustainability has intensified the demand for more efficient transformers, given that the efficiency of these devices directly affects electrical losses in distribution networks. In light of the imminent change in manufacturing guidelines established by Brazilian regulatory bodies, which mandate the transition of energy distribution transformer efficiency classes, a problem arises regarding the impact on manufacturing costs for Brazilian manufacturers. This study is justified by the need to understand the resulting financial increase, aiming to guide a national company to maintain market competitiveness while balancing production costs and regulatory requirements. The general objective is to analyze the budgetary impact of the transition between efficiency classes “C” and “B” in the production of 45 and 75 kVA distribution transformers, by comparing two distinct types of ferromagnetic cores: stacked and jencore. The methodology consisted of electromechanical design utilizing spreadsheet calculation tools and a quantitative cost assessment based on the direct production cost (CDP), accounting for materials and labor in the production processes. The study identified that the transition to Class B using a stacked core proved to be more viable for the 75 kVA power transformers, whereas the jencore technology is more advantageous for the 45 kVA equipment. The increase in production cost for Class B transformers ranged between 17.27% and 35.29%, with silicon steel being the raw material with the highest financial impact on the transformer.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade na cadeia produtiva do café sob a perspectiva da indústria 5.0
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
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Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5923938048634505
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3042-0351
Coffee plays a major role in the Brazilian economic system, being one of the main products of the national agribusiness sector and highly relevant to both the domestic market and exports. Beyond Brazil, coffee is also a globally significant commodity, with the main producing countries being Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, and Ethiopia. In Brazil, the most commonly cultivated species are Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) and Robusta or Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora). The quality of the final beverage is influenced by factors ranging from bean harvesting to post-processing stages, such as roasting and grinding. In general, coffee processing consists of the following stages: harvesting, preparation, drying, storage, roasting, grinding, packaging, and commercialization. Given the importance of this sector, there is a growing need to adopt sustainable practices throughout the coffee supply chain, which has driven the implementation of sustainability indicators capable of measuring environmental, social, and economic impacts, thereby promoting greater transparency and efficiency in production processes. In this context, the Industry 5.0 perspective has gained prominence by integrating advanced technologies with human-centered values and sustainability principles. This approach enables more accurate monitoring, supports strategic decision-making, and contributes to the development of a more resilient production chain that is better aligned with the needs of society and the environment.
Tratamentos combinados para resíduos de 2,4-d, picloram e aminopiralide como alternativa para evitar incinerações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Falcão, Thiago Vinicius Porcel
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Silva, Edson Luiz
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-4912
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857184404356864
Agriculture is essential for the global food supply, and its productivity increased with the Green Revolution, which enabled the use of agricultural pesticides. Brazil is one of the world's largest grain producers and exporters; in the 2024/2025 crop season, the country achieved a record production of approximately 350,206 thousand tonnes. This growth is driven by intensive cultivation, which helps protect native areas; however, such high productivity creates a strong reliance on agrochemicals. Brazil has become the world's largest consumer of these substances, using 800,652 tonnes. Maintaining the production chain generates effluents that can impact the environment; these effluents contain active ingredients such as 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), Picloram, and Aminopyralid. Currently, the treatment of these liquid wastes—originating from batch formulation processes and equipment decontamination—relies in some cases on incineration. Although incineration breaks down the chemical stability of aromatic rings, it has disadvantages, such as high operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions. This undergraduate project sought to identify a technical alternative to incineration for treating liquid wastes containing the herbicides 2,4-D, Picloram, and Aminopyralid at an industrial facility in the state of São Paulo. The research was qualitative and descriptive, conducted through a case study. Based on an analysis of the active ingredients' physicochemical properties and the mechanisms of alternative processes, an integrated treatment route was identified. The proposal involved the sequential application of a Membrane Separation Process (MSP) to concentrate the effluent, followed by Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) to break down the aromatic ring structures and convert them into biodegradable linear intermediates; the treatment concluded with a biological (microbiological) process to metabolize the compounds, followed by the polishing of remaining traces via adsorption.
Bioprospecção de rizobactérias com potencial de mitigação a Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus e ao HLB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Volponi, Alessia Zincone
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Lima, Helena Santiago
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/8307191971212434
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6709-2745
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Coletta Filho, Helvécio Della
Among the major citrus diseases currently occurring in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is considered the most damaging to citrus production. To date, CLas has not been successfully cultured under axenic conditions outside its hosts (plants and Diaphorina citri), which has greatly hindered research on this pathogen. Genetically related and culturable microorganisms, such as Sinorhizobium meliloti (Sme) and Liberibacter crescens, have been used as model organisms in vitro to identify antimicrobial compounds and microbial antagonists against CLas. However, efficient screening strategies require both rapid in vitro approaches and in situ methods capable of directly evaluating the behavior of potential antagonists against CLas. The objective of this study was to select and evaluate bacterial genera previously described as antagonistic to phytopathogens for their potential activity against CLas. For this purpose, we had as goals: i. Conduct in vitro antagonism assays using S. meliloti as a model organism. ii. Evaluate the selected isolates over CLas titer and the plant physiological development in infected plants under greenhouse conditions. A total of 274 bacterial isolates were screened, of which 18 exhibited inhibitory activity, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Burkholderia, Lelliottia, Methylobacterium, Serratia, and Pseudomonas. Selected isolates were subsequently evaluated in CLas-infected citrus plants. Pathogen quantification was performed by qPCR in leaves and roots, together with assessments of plant growth characteristics. The results demonstrated that several isolates significantly reduced CLas titers during the experimental period. Among them, Methylobacterium_IAC80 was the most promising, reducing bacterial populations in both leaves and roots while also promoting plant growth. The isolates Serratia_IAC568, Lelliottia_IAC75, Pseudomonas_IAC532, and Bacillus_IAC362 also showed potential to reduce CLas populations in leaves, exhibiting performance equal or superior to oxytetracycline without causing negative effects on plant development.
Cooperativismo de plataforma: uma análise da federação nacional das cooperativas de mobilidade urbana (Liga Coop)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Carneiro, Ludmila
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Pires, Aline Suelen
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-1050
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5316871548589738
Over the past decade, we have witnessed the spread of digital service platforms worldwide. In this context, the processes of uberization, which point to the intensification of informalization and precariousness of work, and platformization, which reflects a growing dependence on digital platforms, have profoundly affected contemporary social and labor dynamics. In response to this scenario, platform cooperativism has emerged as an alternative based on principles of self-management, decent work, and the valorization of collectivity, yet still marked by limitations and contradictions within the capitalist system. Given the novelty of platform cooperatives and the need to expand knowledge about these initiatives in Brazil, our research focused on a cooperative federation of drivers founded in 2023, the Federação Nacional das Cooperativas de Mobilidade Urbana (Liga Coop). This research aimed to analyze the organizational forms of Liga Coop and the resources the federation has been mobilizing to confront the working conditions imposed by major digital platforms such as Uber. Methodologically, the study was based on qualitative research, including semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis. The results indicate that Liga Coop is developing rapidly, but is marked by instabilities and negotiations between cooperative principles, market demands, and the material conditions of operation. Its forms of resistance are expressed through the collective reorganization of dimensions of work unilaterally controlled by platforms, as well as through the ambivalent practices of workers who combine the cooperative model with conventional apps.
Indicadores da saúde do solo em sistemas integrados lavoura-pecuária-floresta: atividades das enzimas β-glicosidase e arilsulfatase e modelagem preditiva por Infravermelho Próximo (NIRS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-06)
Napolitano, Vitoria
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-1136
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Martin Neto, Ladislau
Soil organic carbon is one of the main components associated with the quality and functionality of terrestrial ecosystems, directly influencing microbial activity, nutrient cycling, and the stability of organic matter. In this context, soil enzymes such as β-glycosidase (BG) and arylsulfatase (ARYL) stand out as bioindicators sensitive to management-induced changes, as they are related, respectively, to the carbon and sulfur cycles. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical, spectroscopic, and soil carbon indicators in long-term integrated crop-livestock-forestry (SILPF) systems conducted at Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste in São Carlos, São Paulo. A total of 114 soil samples were analyzed, collected from the 0–10 cm layer in ILPF systems with different variations, including: the complete system, with all components, that is, integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ILPF); livestock-forestry (IPF) system; crop-livestock (ILP) system; intensive pasture (INT); extensive pasture (EXT); and native forest (FLO), used as a reference area. BG and ARYL activities were determined chemically by measuring the release of p-nitrophenol; total carbon was determined by CHN elemental analysis; the humification index of soil organic matter (HLIFS) was assessed by laser-induced fluorescence; and the average specific enzyme activity (ASEA) was calculated from enzyme activities normalized by soil carbon. In addition, near-infrared (NIRS) spectra were obtained to assess the technique’s potential for estimating biochemical attributes and soil carbon. The highest BG activity was observed in the ILP system, with a mean of 155.91 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹, followed by the INT system, with 105.64 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹, while the EXT system had the lowest value, at 63.17 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹. For ARYL, the FLO treatment showed the highest mean value, at 745.5 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹, followed by the INT treatment, at 475.8 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹, while the EXT treatment showed low activity, at 191.3 μg pNP g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹. In general, systems with a tree component exhibited lower enzymatic activities compared to ILP, INT, and FLO. ASEA was highest in FLO (13.22), followed by INT (11.71) and ILP (8.83), indicating higher enzymatic activity relative to available carbon in these systems. FLO had the lowest HLIFS (1350.1), while the EXT pasture had the highest HLIFS (3935.4), highlighting differences in the degree of organic matter transformation among the evaluated systems. The models obtained by NIRS showed an R² of 0.39 and an RMSECV of 22.42 for BG, and an R² of 0.72 and an RMSECV of 83.8 for ARYL, indicating better predictive performance for arylsulfatase. Overall, the integration of enzymes, total carbon, HLIFS, ASEA, and NIRS allowed for a more comprehensive assessment of soil health, indicating that conservation-based management systems with higher plant biomass favor soil biochemical quality.